Why are the oceans getting darker and what effects could this have on animals and humans?

Why are the oceans getting darker (and what effects could this have on animals and humans)? The planet's oceans are undergoing a disturbing darkening process that affects more than 9% of their total surface area. This phenomenon limits the amount of sunlight reaching the surface waters, reducing the photic areas necessary for aquatic life. The main causes of this phenomenon are changes in the dynamics of algal blooms, alterations in sea surface temperature, pollution caused by artificial lighting, heavy rainfall, runoff from agricultural practices, and coastal sediments. Rising temperatures and changes in phytoplankton also hinder the entry of sunlight. The repercussions are worrying: marine organisms are forced to rise to the surface in search of light, generating intense competition for food and resources in increasingly limited spaces. This disrupts food chains, modifies species distribution, and diminishes the oceans' ability to regulate climate and maintain biodiversity, also impacting human fishing activities.